Example Mapping Files

Within this part of the user documentation we have provided a wide array of sample mapping files to aid you in the creation of your own.

Page Structure

As with the Manually Create a Mapping File document, the examples will be clearly displayed using the following colour codes. Please note all Provenance Named Graphs have been omitted for simplicity and therefore the RDF output will be represented in NTtriples.

RML mapping files will be blue

Example input data will be yellow

Output RDF triples will be green

Example 1 - Simple CSV

@prefix rr:  <http://www.w3.org/ns/r2rml#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix ql:  <http://semweb.mmlab.be/ns/ql#> .
@prefix rml: <http://semweb.mmlab.be/ns/rml#> .
@prefix ex:  <http://example.com/> .

@base <http://example.com/base/> .

<TriplesMap1>
  a rr:TriplesMap;

  rml:logicalSource [
    rml:source "inputSourceFile.csv";
    rml:referenceFormulation ql:CSV
  ];

  rr:subjectMap [
    rr:template "http://example.com/{id}";
    rr:class ex:Employee
  ];

  rr:predicateObjectMap [
    rr:predicate ex:hasName;
    rr:objectMap [
      rr:template "{name}";
      rr:termType rr:Literal;
      rr:datatype xsd:string
    ]
  ].

id	name
10001	Alice
10002	Bob

<http://example.com/10001> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Employee> .
<http://example.com/10001> <http://example.com/hasName> "Alice" .
<http://example.com/10002> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Employee> .
<http://example.com/10002> <http://example.com/hasName> "Bob" .

Example 2 - Simple JSON

@prefix rr:  <http://www.w3.org/ns/r2rml#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix ql:  <http://semweb.mmlab.be/ns/ql#> .
@prefix rml: <http://semweb.mmlab.be/ns/rml#> .
@prefix ex:  <http://example.com/> .

@base <http://example.com/base/> .

<TriplesMap1>
  a rr:TriplesMap;

  rml:logicalSource [
    rml:source "inputSourceFile.json";
    rml:referenceFormulation ql:JSONPath;
	rml:iterator "$.employees.[*]"
  ];

  rr:subjectMap [
    rr:template "http://example.com/{id}";
    rr:class ex:Employee
  ];

  rr:predicateObjectMap [
    rr:predicate ex:hasName;
    rr:objectMap [
      rr:template "{name}";
      rr:termType rr:Literal;
      rr:datatype xsd:string
    ]
  ].

{
  employees: [
    {
      id: 10001,
      name: Alice
    },
    {
      id: 10002,
      name: Bob
    }
  ]
}

<http://example.com/10001> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Employee> .
<http://example.com/10001> <http://example.com/hasName> "Alice" .
<http://example.com/10002> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Employee> .
<http://example.com/10002> <http://example.com/hasName> "Bob" .

Example 3 - Simple XML

@prefix rr:  <http://www.w3.org/ns/r2rml#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix ql:  <http://semweb.mmlab.be/ns/ql#> .
@prefix rml: <http://semweb.mmlab.be/ns/rml#> .
@prefix ex:  <http://example.com/> .

@base <http://example.com/base/> .

<TriplesMap1>
  a rr:TriplesMap;

  rml:logicalSource [
    rml:source "inputSourceFile.xml";
    rml:referenceFormulation ql:SaXPath;
    rml:iterator "/employees/employee"
  ];

  rr:subjectMap [
    rr:template "http://example.com/{@id}";
    rr:class ex:Employee
  ];

  rr:predicateObjectMap [
    rr:predicate ex:hasName;
    rr:objectMap [
      rr:template "{firstname} {lastname}";
      rr:termType rr:Literal;
      rr:datatype xsd:string
    ]
  ].

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<employees>
  <employee id="10001">
	<firstname>Alice</firstname>
	<lastname>Johnson</lastname>
  </employee>
  <employee id="10002">
	<firstname>Bob</firstname>
	<lastname>Smith</lastname>
  </employee>
</employees>

<http://example.com/10001> <http://example.com/hasName> "Alice Johnson" .
<http://example.com/10001> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Employee> .
<http://example.com/10002> <http://example.com/hasName> "Bob Smith" .
<http://example.com/10002> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Employee> .

Example 4 - Simple SQL

@prefix rr:  <http://www.w3.org/ns/r2rml#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix ql:  <http://semweb.mmlab.be/ns/ql#> .
@prefix rml: <http://semweb.mmlab.be/ns/rml#> .
@prefix ex:  <http://example.com/> .
@prefix d2rq: <http://www.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/suhl/bizer/D2RQ/0.1#> .
@prefix jdbc: <http://d2rq.org/terms/jdbc/> .

@base <http://example.com/base/> .

<TriplesMap1>
  a rr:TriplesMap;
    
  rml:logicalSource [ 
    rml:source <#DB_source>;
    rr:sqlVersion rr:SQL2008;
    rr:tableName "employees";
  ];

  rr:subjectMap [ 
    rr:template "http://example.com/{id}"
  ]; 
	
  rr:predicateObjectMap [ 
    rr:predicate ex:name; 
    rr:objectMap [
      rr:template "{firstname}_{lastname}";
      rr:termType rr:Literal;
      rr:datatype xsd:string
    ]
  ].

										
<#DB_source> a d2rq:Database;
  d2rq:jdbcDSN "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/employees";
  d2rq:jdbcDriver "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver";
  d2rq:username "";
  d2rq:password "".

id	firstname	lastname	occupation
10001	Alice	Johnson	Tech
10002	Bob	Smith	Sales

<http://example.com/10001> <http://example.com/name> "Alice_Johnson" .
<http://example.com/10002> <http://example.com/name> "Bob_Smith" .

Example 5 - Simple SQL with Query

@prefix rr:  <http://www.w3.org/ns/r2rml#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix ql:  <http://semweb.mmlab.be/ns/ql#> .
@prefix rml: <http://semweb.mmlab.be/ns/rml#> .
@prefix ex:  <http://example.com/> .
@prefix d2rq: <http://www.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/suhl/bizer/D2RQ/0.1#> .
@prefix jdbc: <http://d2rq.org/terms/jdbc/> .

@base <http://example.com/base/> .

<TriplesMap1>
  a rr:TriplesMap;
    
  rml:logicalSource [ 
    rml:source <#DB_source>;
    rr:sqlVersion rr:SQL2008;
    rml:query """
        SELECT id,
               firstname,
               lastname,
               (CHAR_LENGTH(firstname)) AS namelength
        FROM employees;
    """;
    rml:referenceFormulation ql:CSV
  ];

  rr:subjectMap [ 
    rr:template "http://example.com/{id}"
  ]; 
  
  rr:predicateObjectMap [ 
    rr:predicate ex:name; 
    rr:objectMap [
      rr:template "{firstname}_{lastname}";
      rr:termType rr:Literal;
      rr:datatype xsd:string
    ]
  ];

  rr:predicateObjectMap [ 
    rr:predicate ex:namelength; 
    rr:objectMap [
      rr:template "{namelength}";
      rr:termType rr:Literal;
      rr:datatype xsd:int
    ]
  ].
           
<#DB_source> a d2rq:Database;
  d2rq:jdbcDSN "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/employees";
  d2rq:jdbcDriver "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver";
  d2rq:username "";
  d2rq:password "".

id	firstname	lastname	occupation
10001	Alice	Johnson	Tech
10002	Bob	Smith	Sales

<http://example.com/10001> <http://example.com/name> "Alice_Johnson" .
<http://example.com/10001> <http://example.com/namelength> "5"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int> .
<http://example.com/10002> <http://example.com/name> "Bob_Smith" .
<http://example.com/10002> <http://example.com/namelength> "3"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int> .

Example 6 - Function within a Subject Map

@prefix rr:  <http://www.w3.org/ns/r2rml#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix ql:  <http://semweb.mmlab.be/ns/ql#> .
@prefix rml: <http://semweb.mmlab.be/ns/rml#> .
@prefix ex:  <http://example.com/> .
@prefix fnml: <http://semweb.mmlab.be/ns/fnml#> .
@prefix fno: <https://w3id.org/function/ontology#> .
@prefix grel: <http://users.ugent.be/~bjdmeest/function/grel.ttl#> .
@prefix idlab-fn: <http://example.com/idlab/function/> .

@base <http://graph.build/> .

<TriplesMap1>
  a rr:TriplesMap;

  rml:logicalSource [
    rml:source "inputSourceFile.csv";
    rml:referenceFormulation ql:CSV
  ];

  rr:subjectMap [
    fnml:functionValue [
      rr:predicateObjectMap [
        rr:predicate fno:executes ;
        rr:objectMap [ rr:constant grel:toUpperCase ]
      ] ;
      rr:predicateObjectMap [
        rr:predicate grel:valueParameter ;
        rr:objectMap [ rr:template "http://example.com/{id}" ]
      ]
    ] ;
    rr:class ex:Person
  ];

  rr:predicateObjectMap [
    rr:predicate ex:name ;
    rr:objectMap [
      rml:reference "name";      
      rr:termType rr:Literal ;
      rr:datatype xsd:string
    ]
  ] .

id	name
10001	Alice
10002	Bob

<HTTP://EXAMPLE.COM/10001> <http://example.com/name> "Alice" .
<HTTP://EXAMPLE.COM/10001> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Person> .
<HTTP://EXAMPLE.COM/10002> <http://example.com/name> "Bob" .
<HTTP://EXAMPLE.COM/10002> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Person> .

Example 7 - Complex Embedded Functions

In this example we are using embedded function, functions within functions. We start with an if then else function where if the input contains the text “NIS“, split the input at the underscore (_), else split the input at the forward slash (/).

@prefix rr: <http://www.w3.org/ns/r2rml#> .
@prefix rml: <http://semweb.mmlab.be/ns/rml#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix ql: <http://semweb.mmlab.be/ns/ql#> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix ex: <http://example.com/> .
@prefix fnml: <http://semweb.mmlab.be/ns/fnml#> .
@prefix fno: <https://w3id.org/function/ontology#> .
@prefix grel: <http://users.ugent.be/~bjdmeest/function/grel.ttl#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>.

@base <http://graph.build/> .

<#product> a rr:TriplesMap ;
 
  rml:logicalSource [
    rml:source "inputSourceFile.csv" ;
    rml:referenceFormulation ql:CSV
  ] ;
 
  rr:subjectMap [
    fnml:functionValue [
      rr:predicateObjectMap [
        rr:predicate fno:executes ;
        rr:objectMap [ rr:constant grel:controls_if ]
      ] ;

      rr:predicateObjectMap [
          rr:predicate grel:bool_b ;
          rr:objectMap <#ERPSource>
      ];

      rr:predicateObjectMap [
        rr:predicate grel:any_true ;
        rr:objectMap <#DelimitUnderscore>
      ] ;
     
      rr:predicateObjectMap [
        rr:predicate grel:any_false ;
        rr:objectMap <#DelimitSlash>
      ]
    ] ;
    rr:class ex:Product
  ] .
 
  <#ERPSource>
    fnml:functionValue [
      rr:predicateObjectMap [
          rr:predicate fno:executes ;
          rr:objectMap [ rr:constant grel:string_contains ]
      ];

      rr:predicateObjectMap [
        rr:predicate grel:valueParameter ;
        rr:objectMap [ rml:reference "source_id" ]
      ];
     
      rr:predicateObjectMap [
        rr:predicate grel:string_sub ;
        rr:objectMap [ rr:constant "NIS" ]
      ]
    ].

  <#DelimitUnderscore>
    fnml:functionValue [
      rr:predicateObjectMap [
          rr:predicate fno:executes ;
          rr:objectMap [ rr:constant grel:string_split ]
      ];

      rr:predicateObjectMap [
        rr:predicate grel:valueParameter ;
        rr:objectMap [ rml:reference "source_id" ]
      ];
     
      rr:predicateObjectMap [
        rr:predicate grel:p_string_sep ;
        rr:objectMap [ rr:constant "_" ]
      ]
    ].

  <#DelimitSlash>
    fnml:functionValue [
      rr:predicateObjectMap [
          rr:predicate fno:executes ;
          rr:objectMap [ rr:constant grel:string_split ]
      ];

      rr:predicateObjectMap [
        rr:predicate grel:valueParameter ;
        rr:objectMap [ rml:reference "source_id" ]
      ];
     
      rr:predicateObjectMap [
        rr:predicate grel:p_string_sep ;
        rr:objectMap [ rr:constant "/" ]
      ]
    ].

source_id
CTM16X00-LUZ-K-S/04/0001
580338M3_SURM3_BASE
121951W9MLXNISDTAUSUS_77NISDTAUSUS_0001

<http://graph.build/121951W9MLXNISDTAUSUS> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Product> .
<http://graph.build/580338M3_SURM3_BASE> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Product> .
<http://graph.build/CTM16X00-LUZ-K-S> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Product> .